Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Origins [ ] developed the 9×19mm Parabellum cartridge from his earlier round, which itself was derived from the original cartridge in the pistol. Shortening the length of the cartridge case used in the Borchardt pistol allowed him to improve the design of the toggle lock and to incorporate a smaller, angled grip. Luger's work on the Borchardt design evolved into the, first patented in 1898 and chambered in 7.65×21mm Parabellum. Demand from Germany for a larger caliber in their military sidearm led Luger to develop the 9×19mm Parabellum cartridge for the eventual P08 pistol. This was achieved by removing the bottleneck shape of the 7.65×21mm Parabellum case, resulting in a tapered rimless cartridge encasing a bullet that was 9 mm in diameter.

In 1902, Luger presented the new round to the British Small Arms Committee, as well as three prototype versions to the for testing at in mid-1903. Download suara panggil walet thailand. The adopted the cartridge in 1904 and in 1908 the adopted it as well. The of the bullet was slightly redesigned in the 1910s to improve feeding. To conserve lead during in Germany, the lead core was replaced by an iron core encased with lead. This bullet, identified by a black bullet jacket, was designated as the 08 mE ( mit Eisenkern—'with iron core'). By 1944, the black jacket of the 08 mE bullet was dropped and these bullets were produced with normal copper-colored jackets. Another wartime variation was designated the 08 sE bullet and identified by its dark gray jacket, and was created by compressing iron powder at high temperature into a solid material ( Sintereisen—' iron').

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Popularity [ ] After, acceptance of the 9×19mm Parabellum cartridge increased, and 9×19mm Parabellum pistols and were adopted by military and police users in many countries. The 9×19mm Parabellum has become the most popular caliber for U.S. Law enforcement agencies, primarily due to the availability of compact pistols with large magazine capacities that use the cartridge. Worldwide, the 9×19mm Parabellum is one of the most popular pistol cartridges where it is legal (some countries ban civilian use of weapons that chamber current or former military service cartridges), and cartridges in this caliber are generally available anywhere pistol ammunition is sold. From the early 1980s to the mid-1990s, a sharp increase occurred in the popularity of semiautomatic pistols in the U.S., a trend foreshadowed by the adoption of the by the Illinois State Police in 1968. In addition, the (a military version of the ) was adopted by the U.S. Army in 1985.

Previously, most American police departments issued caliber revolvers with a six-shot capacity. The.38 Special was preferred to other weapons such as variants of the because it offered low recoil, was small and light enough to accommodate different shooters, and was relatively inexpensive. The 9mm cartridge is ballistically superior to the.38 Special revolver cartridge, is shorter overall, and being an autoloader cartridge, it is stored in flat magazines, as opposed to cylindrical speedloaders. This, coupled with the advent of the so-called, led to many U.S. Police departments exchanging their revolvers for some form of 9mm semiautomatic handguns by the 1980s. In 2013 a chart of popular calibers that was released by the website Luckygunner.com showed 9mm x 19mm Parabellum as having 21.4% of the entire cartridge market followed by the.223 Rem at 10.2% (with 5.56mm included this is 15.7%). The next most popular caliber was.45 ACP.

With selecting the as the winner of the, the and chose the 9×19mm again as the cartridge for their new. Cartridge dimensions [ ]. An expanded 124-grain 9×19mm Parabellum jacketed The round was originally designed to be lethal to 50 meters, but is still lethal at longer ranges. The 9mm cartridge combines a flat with moderate.

According to the 1986 book Handloading: 'the modern science of has established beyond reasonable doubt that the 9mm cartridge is highly effective.' In 2014, the United States (FBI) released a report detailing the potential combat effectiveness of the 9mm cartridge when compared to other calibers such as the and the cartridge that was specifically developed for use by the FBI. The report indicated that the new powders and more advanced bullet designs used in current 9mm defensive loads allowed for the caliber to deliver almost similar performance to other calibers, like the.45 ACP, and.40 S&W. In addition to this, the lower recoil, less wear, cheaper ammunition and higher capacity were all reasons that the report cited for the recent surge in orders of the ammunition from various police agencies. With a wider selection of officers being able to shoot handguns chambered in 9×19mm, many departments choose this caliber so they can standardize around a single firearm and loading, making logistics and supply easier. Due to all of these factors, law enforcement orders of 9mm ammo from all major ammunition manufacturers have spiked significantly. The FBI report made it clear that the more consistent accuracy of 9mm in the hands of their less experienced shooters was a factor in their returning to 9mm as their standard handgun caliber.